An electronics street light switch is a switching circuit so, for more detail we can divide this circuit into two section i.e. power supply and switching circuit.
In this power supply section the work of step-down transformer is done by register R1 and further rectification to change into 9.1V dc is by diode D1 and zener diode ZD1. The output voltage across zener diode is further filtered by capacitor C1 and C2.
The another section of street light is switching section built around light-dependent resister LDR1 with the help of transistor T1 through T3 and timer IC NE555 (IC1), where LDR1 is used as sensor of this switching circuit.As in day time the resistance of LDR1 remain low but it is reverse in night time i.e. high resistance is offered by LDR1. For this property of LDR1 the timer IC used in this circuit is as inverter. So, high input at pin 3 is provided by low input at pin 2 and vice-versa. Lastly, this inverter is used to turn street bulb B1 on with the help of triac (triac is activated).
The transistor T1 and T2 is remain cut-off to make pin 4 and pin 8 of IC1 low due to light fall on LDR1 during day time. Due to this transistor T3 is also cut-off and trigger voltage is not received by IC1 through pin 2. As a result the output voltage at pin 3 is low which does not activate triac and the street bulb does not glow.
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